After the overall objective of the research has been determined, the next step is to develop specific guiding questions that will direct data collection efforts. Research questions are direct questions that the study will answer, preferably one question per research objective. Research questions can include separate questions on a multitude of different topics including:
- Research to understand prevalence and magnitude of VAWG
- Research on social and/or gender norms or to better understand drivers of violence
- Research to understand effectiveness of prevention and/or response efforts for VAWG programmes
If needed, the study can have multiple questions and sub-questions, but it is best to be concise and targeted. Questions should be simply worded and directly relate to the need or issue that the research, monitoring and/or evaluation activities seek to address. As much as possible, programme implementation staff should be involved in developing these questions so that the results can directly feedback into programming.
No matter what the objective of the research, make sure to articulate it in a clear and concise manner through the research question(s). Some possible questions include:
Research to understand prevalence and magnitude of VAWG
- What are the most common forms of VAWG, perceived drivers and consequences of violence in your target community?
Research on social and/or gender norms or to better understand drivers of violence
- What are the drivers of VAWG in this context?
- How do social norms impact rates of VAWG in this context?
Research to understand effectiveness of prevention and/or response efforts for VAWG programmes
- To what extent has the programme improved the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of stakeholders in intervention areas?
- How has the programme effected rates of VAWG (e.g. IPV, non-partner sexual assault, forced and early marriage, etc.)?
- How has the programme improved the well-being of survivors of GBV?
- Are service providers delivering high-quality services to GBV survivors?